The Golden Horde Discussion

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The Golden Horde was a Mongol khanate established in the 13th century and orginated as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. After the fragmentation of the Mongol Empire in 1259, it became a fully seperate khnaate, also known as the Kipchak Khanate or the Ulus of Jochi. The dynasty flourished for a full century until 1359. The Horde's military power peaked during the reign of Uzbeg who adopted Islan. The territory of the Golden Horde at its peak included most of EAstern Europe from the Urals to the Danube River and extended east deep into Siberia. In the south, the Golden Horde's lands bordered on the Black Sea, the Caucasus Mountains and the territories of the Mongol dynasty known as the Ilkhanate. Soon after the 1396 invasion of Timur, the Golden Horde broke into smaller Tatar khanates which declined steadily in power. By 1466 the group started falling apart and it split into various Turkic-speaking khanates. The Crimean Khanate and Kazakh Khanate were the last remnants of the Golden Horde, surviving until 1783 and 1847.