Celtic people first arrived in the Britain in the first milennium BC - divided into the Britonic, Gaelic and Pictish people who were for unknown reasons hostile to each other. The Romans arrived in Britain and attempted to subjugate the territory of Caledonia (deriving from a local Pictish tribe called the Caledonii) to no avail as the Pictish locals provided very stiff resistance. Emperor Hadrian built a fortified wall to serve as a barrier between Roman Britain and the Pictish tribes. As the Romans left, a Germanic peoples arrived in Britain called the Anglo Saxons around 450 AD. Scotland at this time was divided into 3 regions - Pictland, the Scotti (who were actually from Ireland) and Alt Clut with the Anglo Saxons to the south. The Gaels and Picts united to form the Kingdom of Alba which became Scotland.

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