Kingdom of Macedonia Discussion

Dedicated for all DNA, Analysis Results, History, Research topics related to: Kingdom of Macedonia

Home to the ancient Macedonians, the earliest kingdom started on the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula bordered by Epirus to the west Paeonia to the north, Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south. Before the 4th century BC, Macedonia was a small kingdom outside the great city-states of Athens, Sparta and Thebes - even briefly subordinate to Achaemenid Persia. However this all changed during the reign of King Philip II. Macedonia grew strong and subdued mainland Greece and Thrace. Reforming the army with phalanxes and the sarissa pike, Philip II defeated Athens and Thebes in 338 BC. His son - Alexander the Great - led a strong force to defeat the Persians and conquer a territory stretching as far as the Indus River in Central Asia. The Macedonian Empire turned into the most powerful in the world - and transitioned the Greek world into a whole new period. Arts and literature flourished with huge advancements in philosophy, engineering and science. Aristotle, tutor to Alexander, became a key figure in Western philopsophy. Macedonia began to decline with the rise of Rome - eventually the Macedonian monarchy collapsed and was replaced by Roman client states - becoming the Roman province of Macedonia.